Ndikamaliza kuyika cholumikizira chochaja, koma sichingathe kuchajidwa, ndiyenera kuchita chiyani?

Lumikizani cholumikizira chochajira, koma sichingathe kuchajidwa, ndichite chiyani?
Kuwonjezera pa vuto la mulu wochajira kapena dera lamagetsi lokha, eni magalimoto ena omwe angolandira galimotoyo angakumane ndi vutoli akamachajira koyamba. Palibe chifukwa chofuna kuchajira. Pali zifukwa zitatu zomwe zingachititse vutoli: mulu wochajira sunakhazikike bwino, mphamvu yochajira ndi yotsika kwambiri, ndipo chosinthira mpweya (circuit breaker) ndi chaching'ono kwambiri kuti chigwe.

1. Chojambulira cha EV sichili pansi bwino
Pazifukwa zachitetezo, pochaja magalimoto atsopano amagetsi, magetsi amafunika kukhala pansi bwino, kotero kuti ngati pali kutayikira mwangozi (monga vuto lalikulu lamagetsi mgalimoto yamagetsi lomwe limayambitsa kulephera kwa insulation pakati pa waya wa AC ndi thupi), mphamvu yotayikira ikhoza kubwezeretsedwa ku kugawa kwa magetsi kudzera mu waya wapansi. Cholumikizira sichidzakhala chowopsa anthu akachikhudza mwangozi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yotayikira pagalimoto.
Chifukwa chake, pali zinthu ziwiri zofunika kuti munthu apeze ngozi chifukwa cha kutayikira kwa madzi: ① Pali vuto lalikulu la magetsi m'galimoto; ② Mulu wochajira ulibe chitetezo chotayikira madzi kapena chitetezo chotayikira chalephera. Mwayi wa ngozi zamtunduwu ndi wochepa kwambiri, ndipo mwayi woti ngozi zichitike nthawi imodzi ndi 0.

Kumbali inayi, chifukwa cha zifukwa monga mtengo womangira nyumba, kuchuluka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito komanso ubwino wawo, nyumba zambiri zogawira magetsi m'nyumba komanso zomangamanga zamagetsi sizinamalizidwe mokwanira mogwirizana ndi zofunikira pa zomangamanga. Pali malo ambiri omwe magetsi sali pansi bwino, ndipo sizingatheke kukakamiza malowa kuti akonze maziko chifukwa cha kufalikira pang'onopang'ono kwa magalimoto amagetsi. Kutengera izi, n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito milu yochapira yopanda nthaka kuti ipereke mphamvu pa magalimoto amagetsi, bola milu yochapira iyenera kukhala ndi dera lodalirika loteteza kutayikira, kotero kuti ngakhale galimoto yatsopano yamagetsi ikalephera kutenthetsa ndi kukhudzana mwangozi, idzasokonezedwa pakapita nthawi. Tsegulani dera lamagetsi kuti muwonetsetse kuti muli otetezeka. Monga momwe mabanja ambiri akumidzi sali pansi bwino, mabanja ali ndi zoteteza kutayikira, zomwe zingateteze chitetezo cha munthu ngakhale magetsi atagwedezeka mwangozi. Mulu wochapira ukatha kuchajidwa, uyenera kukhala ndi chenjezo losathira pansi kuti udziwitse wogwiritsa ntchito kuti chaji yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito siili pansi bwino, ndipo ndikofunikira kukhala maso ndikuchitapo kanthu mosamala.

Ngati vuto la nthaka lachitika, mulu wochajira ukhozabe kutchaja galimoto yamagetsi. Komabe, chizindikiro cha vuto chimawala, ndipo chophimba chimachenjeza za nthaka yosakhazikika bwino, zomwe zimakumbutsa mwiniwakeyo kuti azisamala mosamala za chitetezo.

2. Voliyumu yochaja ndi yotsika kwambiri
Mphamvu yamagetsi yochepa ndi chifukwa china chachikulu chosalipiritsa bwino. Pambuyo potsimikizira kuti vuto silinayambike chifukwa cha kuzunguliridwa, mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yotsika kwambiri ingakhale chifukwa cholephera kulipiritsa bwino. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya AC yolipiritsa ikhoza kuwonedwa kudzera mu mulu wolipiritsa ndi chiwonetsero kapena chowongolera chapakati cha galimoto yatsopano yamagetsi. Ngati mulu wolipiritsa ulibe chophimba chowonetsera ndipo chowongolera chapakati cha galimoto yatsopano yamagetsi sichili ndi chidziwitso cha mphamvu yamagetsi ya AC yolipiritsa, multimeter imafunika kuti iyese. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikatsika kuposa 200V kapena kutsika kuposa 190V, mulu wolipiritsa kapena galimotoyo ikhoza kunena cholakwika ndipo sichitha kulipiritsa.
Ngati zatsimikiziridwa kuti magetsi ndi otsika kwambiri, ziyenera kuthetsedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zitatu:
A. Yang'anani zofunikira za chingwe chotenga mphamvu. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito 16A pochajira, chingwecho chiyenera kukhala ndi 2.5mm² kapena kuposerapo; ngati mugwiritsa ntchito 32A pochajira, chingwecho chiyenera kukhala ndi 6mm² kapena kuposerapo.
B. Mphamvu ya magetsi ya chipangizo chamagetsi cha m'nyumba ndi yotsika. Ngati zili choncho, ndikofunikira kuwona ngati chingwe chomwe chili kumapeto kwa nyumba chili pamwamba pa 10mm², komanso ngati pali zipangizo zamagetsi zamphamvu kwambiri m'nyumbamo.
C. Pa nthawi yomwe magetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, nthawi yomwe magetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri nthawi zambiri imakhala kuyambira 6:00 pm mpaka 10:00 pm. Ngati magetsi ali otsika kwambiri panthawiyi, akhoza kuyikidwa pambali kaye. Nthawi zambiri, mulu wochapira udzayambiranso kuchapira yokha magetsi akabwerera mwakale.

Ngati sichikuchajidwa, magetsi amakhala 191V okha, ndipo magetsi otayika a chingwe adzakhala otsika akamachajidwa, kotero mulu wochajidwa umanena kuti pali vuto la undervoltage panthawiyi.

3. Chosinthira mpweya (chotsekera maginito) chagubuduzika
Kuchaja galimoto yamagetsi ndi kwa magetsi amphamvu kwambiri. Musanachaje galimoto yamagetsi, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira ngati chosinthira mpweya cholondola chagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchaja kwa 16A kumafuna chosinthira mpweya cha 20A kapena kupitirira apo, ndipo kuchaja kwa 32A kumafuna chosinthira mpweya cha 40A kapena kupitirira apo.

Tiyenera kutsindika kuti kuyatsa magalimoto atsopano amagetsi ndi magetsi amphamvu kwambiri, ndipo ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti dera lonse ndi zida zamagetsi: mita yamagetsi, zingwe, ma switch a mpweya, mapulagi ndi masoketi ndi zida zina zikukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuchaja. Ndi gawo liti lomwe silikudziwika bwino, ndi gawo liti lomwe lingawonongeke kapena kulephera.